Paper-pulp shredder



Juy 3,1928. imams F. E. FHILERlCK PAPER PULP SHREDDER 5 Sheets-Shea?l Filed Sept. 14, 1927 1% fria July 3, 1928.

F. B. F'HILBRICK PAPER PULP SHREDDER July 3, 192s.'

F. B. PHILBRICK PAPER PULP SHREDDER Filed Sept. 14, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet Spd@ .6 Cf ,ndi u f fm iff WN *../n, i, j..

Patented July 3, 1928.`

UNITED STATES FRAN-K B. PHILBRICK, DECEASED, LATE OF PHILBRICK, EXECUTOR, OF EVANSTO WATERVILLE, MAINE, BY HERBERT S. N, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO WATERVILLE IRON WORKS, F WATERVILLE, MAINE, A CORPORATION OF MAINE.

PAPER-PULP SHREDDER.

Application led September This invention relates to mechanism useful in the manufacture of particularly to means for shredding paper pulp, whether wet or in the form of dry sheets, preparatory to its introduction into the beating machine of lthe paper-making apparatus. Specifically the invention is an improvement on the device shown in Patent N o. 1,510,782, issued October 7, 1924, to William F. Hussey.

Among the objects of the invention are to provide a machine of this character in which Yall the cutting knives are individually removable, which is particularly desirable to permit renewal of one or more knives which have become too dull for practical use or which have been broken by coming in contact with any tool or other hard substance which may find its way into the machine; to provide a means for differentially adjusting the position of the knives in the machine either to accommodate pulp which may consistently run thicker at one side than at the other or where it is desired to limit the length of the strips into which the pulp is cut or shredded by reducing the clearance between the fixed and moving knives to effect, a cut-off at a desired point; to provide a knife which will be efficient not only to cut the pulp by a' direct shearing action but will have a tearing effect which will efiiciently loosen the fibers and render their complete disintegration in the beater lessdifficult; and in general to improve machines of this character.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the subjoined specification and appended claims when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

F ig. 1 is a plan View of the entire device with parts broken away to show the interior construction F ig. 2 is an end elevation of the rotating drum with parts broken out and in section;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation partly in section of a part of the device showing the means for mounting the fixed blades;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary plan view with some parts removed and others in section showing the interaction of the fixed and movable blades; and

Fig. 5 is a View on anenlarged scale of a strip of pulp produced by the machine.

paper and more 14, 1927. Serial N0. 219,450.

Referring to Fig. 1, the device consists of a rotary drum 1A which is adapted normally to be substantially enclosed by a cover 2 pivoted at 3 to the casing 4 of the machine, which is suitably mounted upon a base 5. The shaft 6 of the drum is journaled in any desired type of anti-friction bearings 7 and is adapted to be driven fromr a suitable source of power by a belt or other means engaging a pulley 8.

An inclined feed chute 9 is suitably mounted upon the frame of the machine and is provided with means adjacent to its lower portion for feeding the pulp into the machine. This feeding means may comprise a shaft 10 having thereon a pulley 11 adapted to be driven by a belt 12 passing directly over the main shaft 6, which is provided with an enlargement or holding plate 13 to prevent the belt from slipping off from the shaft. The beltl is considerably longer than necessary to pass about the pulley 11 and shaft 6 and is provided with a tightening means, here shown as an idler roll 14 rotatably mounted on a stub shaft 15 carried in the free end of an arm 16 which is fixed to a shaft 17 suitably journaled in the frame of the machine. Means, here shown as levers 18 and 19, are fixed to the shaft 17 for rocking it to lift the idler roll 14 from the belt and permit the pulley 11 to stop during the continued rotation of shaft 6. A pinion 20 is fixed to the shaft 10 and is adapted to engage a gear 21 upon a shaft 22 mounted in the frame of the machine and having fixed thereto the lower feed roll 23, shown in 'dotted lines. At the end of shaft 10, opposite that to which the pulley 11 is fixed, is a sprocket wheel which is connected by a sprocket chain to a second wheel 24 fixed to a shaft 25 which is suitably journaled in the frame of the machine. Loosely mounted upon the shaft 25 are a pair of arms 26 and l27 having journaled in their free ends a shaft 28 provided with a sprocket wheel 29 at one end which is connected by a sprocket chain 3() to a sprocket wheel fixed to the shaft 25, the upper feed roll 31 being fixed to the shaft 28. r1`hus it will be seen that the power transmitted by the belt the shaft 11 will rotate the lower feed roll 23 through the pinion 20 and the gear 21 and will rotate the upper feed roll 31 through the two sprocket chains and sprock- 12 and' with an upwardly pond with the et wheels irrespective of the relative position of arms 26 and 27, thus providing for feeding pulp of various thicknesses.

Means are provided for raising the feed roll 31 to an inoperative position when de.- sired, such means in the present case comprising a pair of levers 32 and 33 fixed to a shaft 34 which may frame of the machine directly above shaft 17. Fixed to the shaft 34 are a pair of arms 35 and 36 having at their outer free ends stub shafts on which are mounted a pair of rollers 37 and 38 adapted normally to lie beneath and contact with arms 26 and 2 It will thus be seen that a downward movement of the levers 32 and 33 will raise arms 35 and 36 and thus raise the upper feed roll 31 to an inoperative position.

Referring now to Fig. 2, the drum 1 may be provided with a plurality of rows of knives 39 having pointed forward ends 40 which are substantially V-shaped in plan as seen at 41 (Figs. 1 and 4). The Shanks 42 of the knives 39 are adapted to be received in recesses 43 in the drum extending in directions parallel to tangents to the drum, the recesses being shaped to corresshanks of the knives and extending as the chord of ay circle substantially half way through the drum. Smaller holes 44 are provided in the drum in alignment with the recesses 43 and constituting the remainder of the chord of the circle, thus providing for the insertion of a suitable tool to push the knives 39 out of the drum in the event that they become stuck in place. Means are provided for holding the knives 39 in predetermined position with respect to the drum comprising recesses 45 opposite the rear end of the Shanks 42 communicating with the recesses 43 through threaded apertures 46 which are adapted to receive set screws 47 having jam nuts 48 thereon.

j Inasmuch as all of the structure described has been fully disclosed in the patent to Hussey above referred to. no further description need be given. The only difference between the structure there shown and the parts which have thus far been described is that instead of arranging the knives in the drum in helical series as is shown in that patent, they are here arranged in rows as is shown in Figs. l and 4.

The lother arrangement may obviously be employed if desired.

The frame of the machine is provided extending portion 49 having at its top a table 50 supporting a plurality of normally fixed knivesl which are adapted to cooperate with the' movable knives 39. Means are provided for adjusting the row of fixed knives 51 in a lateral direction comprising an upwardly extendingy bracket 52 at each end of the row.

be journaled in the` These brackets may be integral with or fixed to the frame member 49 and each bracket is provided with one or more set screws 53 threaded therethrough at either end and having their points 54 bearing upon the end knife of the row of fixed knives 51. it pair of jam nuts 55 areprovided on the set screws 53 to secure them in adjusted position. 's I Means are provided for holding the knives 51 down against the table 50' comprising a plurality of saddle members 56 each of which is adapted to bear upon two contiguous knives with the exception of the end saddle member 56', which may bear upon three knives as is shown in Fig. 4. These saddle members are held in place by bolts 57 having enlarged heads 58 engaging the tops of the saddles,the bolts protruding through apertures formed by a pair of registering elongate recesses 59 in adjacent knives and through the table l50 and having a pair of lock nuts 60 at their lower ends to hold them against the table.

Separate means are provided in association with each contiguous pair of knives 51 for adjusting this pair of'knives toward and away from the rotor or drum 1 to vary the clearance at that point, such means in this case taking the form of bolts 61 having squared ends to enable them to be engaged by a suitable tool, and having annular flanges 62 engaging in suitable recesses in the shanks of knives 51, whereby they may be adjusted toward and away from the drum 1 by screwing the bolts 61 in or out of the table member 50 into\which theyiare threaded. j

The lower-end portion 63 of the feed chute9 is preferably made removable from the remainder of the chute so as to given access to the knives 51 for adjustment or replacement, the means for holding itin place comprising bolts 64 threaded into it and passing through a depending flange 65 integral with the chute 9 and bolts 66 having enlarged heads 67 which are adapted to be received in recesses 68 and protrude through the apertures formed by the registering recesses 59 and through the table 50 and be locked in place by lock nuts 69. 1 wear` plate 70 may be vprovided in the lower end face of the removable portion 63 and held in place byl suitable screws 71 to take up the wear and cover the recesses The fixed knives 51 areprovided with cutting edges 72 substantially complementary to the pointed cutting edges of the knives 39, but terminating at their forward ends in blunt portions 73 formed by three relatively short edges arranged in a substantially rectangular form, which edges may or may not be sharpened. The upper part of the forward cutting portion of the knives 51 may be backed offl as shown at 74 (Fig. 3) to provide for a better cutting action. The drum 1 is preferably provided with a circumferential groove between each pair of the knives 39, said grooves being adapted to receive the blunt ends 73. Sufficient clearance is preferably provided between the fixed and moving knives so as to avoidja sharp shearing action, but rather to produce a combined shearing and tearing action tending to disintegrate the fibers, whereby the device is adapted to shred the pulp into zigzag portions such as is shown at 76 (Fig. 5).

The operation of this device will be obvious from the foregoing description, the pulp being fed between the fixed knives 51 and the moving knives 39 by the action of feed rolls 23 and 31 and being cut and torn up into zigzag strips 76 by the successive rows of knives. rllhe action adjacent to the relatively long edges 7 2 of the fixed knives 51 will be substantially a shearing action, whereas between the blunt ends 73 and the groove 75 in the drum 1 there will be little or no shearing action, but rather a tearing action caused by the sharp points 40 of the moving knives catching on the strip 76 and tearing apart the intermediate portions 77, thus assisting the action of the beater in disintegrating the fibres and preparing them quicker to absorb the water. If it is desired to limit the length of the zigzag strips 76 formed in the machine, one or more of the pairs of knives 51 may be adjusted forwardly to cut down the clearance at that point to an absolute minimum, thus insuring a cutting off action at that point, the lengths of the strips 76 so obtained being limited by the distance between the pairs of blades which are thus set forward. This action may, of course, also be obtained by adjusting one or more of the knives in the drum.

As many further modifications may be made in this machine, aswill appear to persons skilled in the art, I do not wish to be limited except by the scope of the appended claims.

I claiin: i

1. As an article of manufacture, a removable knife for paper pulp Shredders having a blunt end bounded by three rectangularly arranged edges, and two principal divergent cutting edges adjoining said blunt end.

2. As an article of manufacture, a removable knife for paper pulp shredders having a blunt end bounded by a plurality of relatively short edges, a pair of diverging relativelylong cutting edges adjoining said blunt end; a shank, and a recess in said shank adapted to cooperate with means for adjusting the knife longitudinally.

3. In a paper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a plurality of projecting knives thereon, and a plurality of relatively stationary knives removably and adjustably held adjacent to said drum and so located that portions of the knives of the drum pass between portions of the stationary knives on rotation of the drum, the adjusting means for the stationary knives being so arranged that some of the knives may be adjusted differently from the contiguous knives, whereby the machine is adapted to shred the paper pulp into zigzag strips of any desired length.

4. In a paper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a row of projecting pointed knives thereon, a row of removable knives arranged in pairs and fixed adjacent to said drinn so that the points of the knives on the drum pass between portions of the fixed knives on rotation of the drum, and individual means for adjusting each of said pairs of knives toward and away from the drum, whereby the machine is adapted to shred the pulp into zigzag strips of any desired length.

5. In a paper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a plurality of knives thereon spaced apart longitudinally of the drum, and a row of relatively stationary knives adapted to cooperate with the knives on the drum, one set of knives having blunt end portions adapted to cooperate with longitudinal spaces between adjacent knives of the other set, whereby the pulp is shredded by the combined shearing action of the moving and stationary knives and a tearing action in the spaces between the knives.

6. In a paper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a plurality of pointed knives thereon, a circumferential groove in the drum between each pair of the knives, and a row ofrelatively stationary knives adjacent to the drum adapted to cooperate with the first-men* tioned knives, each of said stationary knives having a blunt end adapted to enter into one of said grooves between the'knives on the drum, whereby the pulp is shredded by the combined shearing action of the complementary parts of the moving and stationary knives and a tearing action opposite the grooves on the drum.

7. In a paper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a longitudinal row of pointed knives thereon, a series of circumferential grooves in the drum separating the knives of said row, and a row of knives fixed adjacent to said drum, the fixed knives being substantially complementarylto said pointed knives but having blunt ends formed by a plurality of relatively short edges and adapted to enter into said grooves, whereby the pulp is shredded by the combined shearing action of the complementary parts of the moving and stationary knives and a tearing action opposite the grooves on the drum.

8. In a paper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a plurality of pointed knives thereon, the drum having a circumferential groove between each pair of said knives, and

a plurality of substantially complementary knives removably mounted adjacent to said drum, each of said lastmentionedknives having a protruding portion adapted to enter one of said grooves between said firstmentioned knives, whereby the pulp is shredded by the combined shearing` action of the complementary parts of the moving and stationary knives and a tearing action opposite Lthe grooves on the drum.

9. In Va paper pulp shredder. a rotary drum having` a longitudinal row of pointed knives thereginsaid drum having a circumferential groove separating each pair of the knives of said rovv, a roW of adjustably and removably mounted knives adjacent to said drum, the cutting portions of the adjustable knives being substantially complementary to the first-mentioned knives, but comprising blunt -ends adapted to extend into said grooves, whereby the pulp is shredded by the combined shearing action of the complementary parts of the moving and stationary knives and a tearing action opposite the grooves on the drum, and means for adjust-- ing some of the adjustable knives at different diitances from said drum than the contiguous knives.

l0. In a paper pulp shredder. a rotary drum having a longitudinal rovv of pointed knives thereon, said drum having circumferential grooves separating each pair of adjacent. knives of said row, a roiv of adjustably and removably mounted knives adjacent to said drum, the last-mentioned knives being arranged in pairs for purposes of adjustment, and separate means for adjusting each of said pairs toward or away from said drum to vary the clearance at that point, thereby permitting thelimitation of the length of the strips of pulp shredded in the device, the last-mentioned knives being substantially complementary to the firstmentioned knives, but having blunt ends formed by three relatively short cutting edges, the blunt ends extending into said grooves, whereby the pulp is shredded by the combined shearing action of the complementary parts of the moving and stationary knives and a tearingaction opposite the grooves on the drum.

ll. In afpaper pulp shredder, a rotary drum having a plurality of cutting knives thereon, a row of fixed -knives adjacent to said drum and having cutting portions adapted to pass bet-Ween parts of the knives on the drum on rotation thereof, means for adjusting the row' of fixed knives in a direction parallel to the axis of the drum, and means associated with some of the fixed knives for individually adjusting them toward and away from the drum.

12. In a paper pulp shredder, a, rotary drum having a plurality of cutting knives thereon, a row of fixed knives adjacent to said drum and having cutting portions adapted to passbetvveen part-s of the knives on the drum on rotation thereof, the fixed knives being arranged in pairs, separate means for adjusting each pair toward and away from the drum, each knife having an elongated4 recess in one side thereof, cooperating With a similar recess in the contiguous knife of the next pair to form an'elongated aperture, saddles extending over and engaging two contiguous knives of adjacent pairs, and bolts extending from said saddles through said apertures to a fixed part of the machine to hold the saddles and knives in adjusted position.

13. Ina paper pulp shredder, means Comprising the combination of movable and stationary knives for shredding the pulp by a combined shearing and tearing action.

14. In a paper pulp shredder, means comprising the combination of movable and stationary knives, said kniveshaving coacting shearing portions and coacting non-shearing portions, whereby the pulp is shredded by a combined shea-ring and tearing action.

Signed by me at Evanston, Illinois, this :2nd day of September, 1927.

HERBERT s. PHiLBniok, Eecutor Under the last Wz'ZZ and Testament of Frank B. Phz'lbrz'ck, Deceased. 

